Communication is words. Spoken. Written. Emails. Telephone. Video calls. Meetings. Reports. Presentations. Here are key aspects about how Americans communicate:
沟通是语言。说出来的。书面的。电子邮件。电话。视频通话。会议。报告。演讲。以下是关于美国人如何沟通的关键方面：
Directness
Americans approach important topics carefully. Euphemisms help to communicate uncomfortable messages. Ambiguity can be helpful. Depending on the sensitivity of the topic, Americans will address it indirectly. In the American context indirect communication is considered both polite and effective. Most importantly it maintains the dialogue in order to deepen it.
直接性
美国人对待重要的话题很谨慎。委婉语有助于传达不舒服的信息。模糊性可能是有帮助的。根据话题的敏感性，美国人将间接地处理它。在美国，间接交流被认为既礼貌又有效。最重要的是它能保持对话，以加深对话。
Work vs. Person
Americans connect the professional with the personal. Statements made about a proposal, a concept, or work results are by definition statements about that person‘s competence, experience, skills.
To say that engineering work produced was poor, is to say that it was a poor engineer who produced it. And in the American business context there can be consequences for those who do poor work. American colleagues seldom challenge each other in a direct, vigorous or threatening way.
工作与个人
美国人将专业与个人联系起来。关于一个建议、一个概念或工作成果的陈述，顾名思义就是关于这个人的能力、经验、技能的陈述。
说所做的工程工作很差，就是说是一个差劲的工程师做的。而在美国的商业环境中，那些工作做得不好的人可能会有后果。美国同事很少以直接、激烈或威胁的方式挑战对方。
Small Talk
In the American business context small talk is an essential part of communication. It gets communication going. Small talk also allows each person to get a sense for the overall atmosphere. Americans seldom jump directly into the substance of the communication. Business is always personal. Americans get personal in both business and non-business settings.
闲谈
在美国的商业环境中，闲谈是沟通的一个重要部分。它使沟通得以进行。闲谈也允许每个人了解整体气氛。美国人很少直接进入沟通的实质。业务总是个人的。美国人在商业和非商业环境中都会有个人的想法。
Controversial Topics
Americans purposely choose non-controversial topics. Divisive subjects are seldom raised. And although the age of the cocktail party is long past, Americans still know the answer to the question What are three subjects you don‘t bring up at a cocktail party? Sex, religion and politics.
The American logic is to avoid any tension which could damage a personal or working relationship. They, therefore, seek out commonalities. Americans look for reasons to relate, not separate. From their perspective it is difficult to argue about the weather.
有争议的话题
美国人有目的地选择非争议性的话题。有争议的话题很少被提起。尽管鸡尾酒会的时代早已过去，但美国人仍然知道问题的答案，在鸡尾酒会上，有三个话题是你不会提起的？性、宗教和政治。
美国人的逻辑是要避免任何可能损害个人或工作关系的紧张关系。因此，他们寻求共同点。美国人寻找联系的理由，而不是分离。从他们的角度来看，很难就天气问题进行争论。
Unsolicited Advice
Americans seldom give unsolicited advice. Even among family and close friends they give advice only after having been asked. And even then, depending on how sensitive the topic is, they communicate their advice in carefully worded language. Americans also want to be helpful. But first you need to maintain the relationship.
不请自来的建议
美国人很少主动提出建议。即使在家人和亲密的朋友之间，他们也是在被问到之后才给出建议。即使如此，根据话题的敏感程度，他们也会用谨慎的语言传达他们的建议。美国人也希望能有所帮助。但首先你需要维持这种关系。
